新型三硅氧烷表面活性剂在低能固体表面的铺展性能研究

以测试表面活性剂溶液在固体表面铺展能力的方法,研究了温度、湿度和外加电解质浓度对新型双尾三硅氧烷表面活性剂1 L溶液在石蜡等低能固体表面的铺展性能的影响,结果表明:测试铺展性能也能大致求出表面活性剂1L的临界润湿浓度(CWC);1L溶液的铺展能力是随着温度和湿度的升高而增强的;较低的外加电解质浓度有助于提高1L溶液的铺展性能。实验说明,表面活性剂1L作为润湿剂或铺展剂使用时可以选择在较高的温度和(或)湿度下使用,以及(或者)通过添加适量的电解质的方法来提升其铺展能力,而且使用的浓度应该要在其CWC以上。     

聚氨酯包膜缓释肥的制备及性能的研究

采用无溶剂喷涂成型法制备了聚氨酯包膜缓释肥,讨论了喷涂比例对包膜量和耐磨性的影响以及不同包膜量对缓释性能的影响。结果表明,聚氨酯预聚体与扩链剂的喷涂比例为7.50∶1、实际包覆量为7.23%时,包膜缓释肥的初溶率范围在10.00%~12.50%、微溶率范围在1.80%~2.40%,包膜效果最好;包覆肥颗粒的表面光滑度、均匀度和耐磨性能好,优于日本产包膜肥。     

再生骨料透水混凝土体积法配比设计关键参数的优化选择

以再生骨料配制的透水生态混凝土为研究对象,用体积法进行配合比设计并调整不同的配比参数,研究保证再生骨料配制透水生态混凝土透水性和强度的最佳配比参数,并比较再生骨料与天然骨料配比设计中参数选择的异同。     

Steam reforming of ethanol over skeletal Ni‐based catalysts: A temperature programmed desorption and kinetic study

An investigation on reaction scheme and kinetics for ethanol steam reforming on skeletal nickel catalysts is described. Catalytic activity of skeletal nickel catalyst for low‐temperature steam reforming has been studied in detail, and the reasons for its high reactivity for H₂ production are attained by probe reactions. Higher activity of water gas shift reaction and methanation contributes to the low CO selectivity. Cu and Pt addition can promote WGSR and suppress methanation, and, thus, improve H₂ production. A reaction scheme on skeletal nickel catalyst has been proposed through temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy experiments. An Eley‐Rideal model is put forward for kinetic studies, which contains three surface reactions: ethanol decomposition, water gas shift reaction, and methane steam reforming reaction. The kinetics was studied at 300–400°C using a randomized algorithms method and a least‐squares method to solve the differential equations and fit the experimental data; the goodness of fit obtained with this model is above 0.95. The activation energies for the ethanol decomposition, methane steam reforming, and water gas shift reaction are 187.7 kJ/mol, 138.5 kJ/mol and 52.8 kJ/mol, respectively. Thus, ethanol decomposition was determined to be the rate determining reaction of ethanol steam reforming on skeletal nickel catalysts. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J 60: 635–644, 2014     

雷美替胺关键中间体2-（2,6,7,8-四氢-1H-茚并[5,4-b]呋喃-8-基）丙烯酸乙酯的合成

通过串联的C-H活化Heck反应和分子内迈克尔加成,我们完成了一种雷美替胺的关键中间体2-（2,6,7,8-四氢-1H-茚并[5,4-b]呋喃-8-基）丙烯酸乙酯的合成。     

反应挤出技术在聚烯烃功能性棚膜生产中的应用

介绍了反应挤出技术在聚烯烃功能性棚膜中的应用现状,结合反应挤出技术的新发展探讨了其在聚烯烃功能性棚膜生产中的应用前景及发展优势。     

Effect of wide-spectrum pulsed magnetic field on grain refinement of pure aluminium

A wide-spectrum pulsed magnetic field (WSPMF) was obtained by adjusting the number of current pulses and the pulse interval between adjacent pulses. The effect of WSPMF on the grain refinement of pure aluminium was studied. The distribution of electromagnetic force and flow field in the melt under the WSPMF was simulated to reveal the grain refining mechanism. Results show that the grain refinement is attributed to the combined effect of the melt flow and oscillation under a WSPMF. When the pulse interval is 5 ms, the extreme value of electromagnetic force is the highest, and the size of the crystal nucleus is 0.35 mm. In the case of similar flow rates, the grain size gradually decreases as the pulse interval increases. The range of the harmonic frequency of the magnetic field gradually expands with the increase of the pulse interval, which can provide more energy for nucleation at the solid-liquid interface and promote nucleation.

     

丝杠用1Cr15Ni4Mo2CuN不锈钢热处理温度场的有限元数值模拟

基于ANSYS有限元平台,结合热物性参数的温度敏感性和现行热处理工艺对1Cr15Ni4Mo2CuN钢不同尺寸丝杠工件在淬火加热和深冷处理过程中的温度场变化规律进行了模拟,通过显微组织观察、XRD和硬度测试分析了不同深冷处理时间下工件的残留奥氏体含量。结果表明,?40、?45和?50 mm工件在1070℃加热时的温度均一时间分别为1100、1294和1446 s;?40 mm工件在-196℃深冷79 s时整体温度降至Mf点以下,此时工件中的残留奥氏体已大量转变为马氏体,硬度明显升高,残留奥氏体含量随深冷时间延长而降低,但深冷1800 s后,继续延长深冷时间时残留奥氏体含量变化不明显。     

Enantioselective One‐Pot Reaction: Organocatalyzed Synthesis of Fully Functionalized Oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes with Seven Contiguous Stereocenters

An enantioselective one‐pot Michael/Michael/Henry/hemiacetalization reaction between α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes, α‐ketoamides, and nitroalkenes under mild conditions catalyzed by a diarylprolinol silyl ether has been developed. The sequential methodology provides a direct approach to a wide range of fully substituted chiral oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octanes with seven contiguous stereocenters in moderate to excellent yields (up to 99%), high to excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >25:1 dr), and high to excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99% ee).

     

Copper‐Nitrene Triggered Annulation of α‐Acyl Cinnamides: Access to Isoxazol‐3(2H)‐ones

A facile and efficient one‐pot synthesis of isoxazol‐3(2H)‐ones has been developed starting from α‐acyl cinnamides and tosyliminophenyliodinane catalyzed by copper(II) acetate [Cu(OAc)₂] under very mild conditions involving a tandem aza‐Michael addition and intramolecular cyclization sequence.